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Geotechnical News • March 2013
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WASTE GEOTECHNICS
rial. This does not require pretreatment
of the bottom ash and does not pose a
risk to the environment because mod-
ern landfills are equipped with a bar-
rier system and a leachate collection/
treatment system. In addition, the high
permeability of bottom ash prevents
the formation of a low-permeability
layer in the MSW landfill. In terms of
technically sound practice and protect-
ing the environment, the utilization
of bottom ash as daily cover mate-
rial in landfills is a very good option,
particularly for regions with a shortage
of cover materials.
Using bottom ash as aggregate for
making bricks and blocks
Some MSW incineration plant opera-
tors try to use bottom ash as an aggre-
gate for making bricks and blocks, and
this practice is currently being done
in Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Suzhou.
Some believe that the solidification
process associated with the brick/
block making technology has a sta-
bilization effect on the contaminants
in the bottom ash. However, since the
bricks and blocks are generally used
in road engineering, the bottom ash
needs to be treated to prevent environ-
mental damage. Oversized materials,
metals, organics, and other substances
harmful to the environment, and there-
fore lowering the production quality of
the bricks/blocks, need to be removed.
It was found that bricks/blocks made
with bottom ash are prone to crack-
ing, and thus the bottom ash contents
should be controlled properly [11].
This approach to utilizing bottom ash
should be further investigated in terms
of pretreatment techniques, the cost of
the techniques, and the environment.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowl-
edge the research grants (51208470)
provided by the National Natural Sci-
ence Foundation of China (NSFC) and
the Science and Technology Research
& Development Program of Suzhou
(SS20122).
References
[1] Ruan, R.Y. (2009) Practice and
Research about Resource Utiliza-
tion of Municipal Solid Waste
From Incineration.
Shanghai
Construction Science and Technol-
ogy
, 1:58-60.
[2] Jin, M.T. (2011) Immobilization of
Heavy Metals in Municipal Solid
Waste Incineration (MSWI) Fly
Ash with Geopolymer. Doctoral
dissertation, Nanjing University of
Science and Technology.
[3] Yang, Y. & Wu, Q.R. (2009)
“Characteristics Investigation and
Resource Utilization of Municipal
Solid Waste From Incineration”,
China International New Wall
Materials for Energy Saving and
Emission Reduction Forum and
China Building Materials Industry
Waste International Conference,
251-256.
[4] Ruan, R.Y. (2009) Practice and
Research about Resource Utiliza-
tion of Municipal Solid Waste
From Incineration,
Shanghai
Construction Science and Technol-
ogy
, 1:58-60.
[5] Standard Testing Method for Mea-
suring the Toxicity of Solid Waste
Leach - Horizontal Vibration
Extraction Procedure (GB 5086.2-
1997). (1997) Ministry of Environ-
mental Protection of China.
[6] Zhang, J.M. (2010).Characteristics
and Application Research in Road-
bed Engineering of Municipal
Solid Waste Incineration Residues.
Master’s dissertation, Zhejiang
University of Technology.
[7] Zhang, H. & He, P.J. (2002)
Municipal Solid Waste Incinera-
tion Ashes and Their Properties.
Shanghai Environmental Sciences
,
21(6):356-360.
[8] Xu, M.L. & Yan, J.H. (2007)
Characteristics Investigation of
the Solid Residues from CFB
Municipal Solid Waste Incin-
erator. Proceedings of the China
Society of Electrical Engineering,
27(8):16-21.
[9] Ye, T.M., Wang, W., Gao, X.B.
(2007) Characterization and Heavy
Metals Leaching Toxicity of Fly
Ash from Municipal Solid Waste
Incinerators in China.
Environmen-
tal Science
, 28(11): 2646-2650.
[10] Xie, J.G. (2011) Experiment on
Waste Incineration Residues for
Lime-Fly Ash Concrete Pavement
Base.
Nanjing University Journal
of Aeronautics & Astronautics
,
43(4):561-565.
[11] Shanghai Huanbao Solid Waste
Utilization Company. (2005) Tech-
niques for the Reuse of Municipal
Solid Waste Incineration Residues.
Technical report.
Authors
Ping Chen
Associate Professor, School of Civil
Engineering and Architecture at Zheji-
ang Sci-Tech University, China.
Qimao Cai
Lab Technician, School of Civil Engi-
neering and Architecture at Zhejiang
Sci-Tech University, China. E-mail:
caiqimao@zstu.edu.cn
G.W. Wilson
Professor, Department of Civil &
Environmental Engineering at the
University of Alberta.