 
        
          
            Geotechnical News•   December 2019
          
        
        
          
            
              49
            
          
        
        
          
            GEOHAZARDS
          
        
        
          Additionally, the benefit of capturing
        
        
          the wealth of peer-reviewed technical
        
        
          articles related to the book’s scope has
        
        
          not been overlooked. Related articles
        
        
          have been compiled in a bibliography,
        
        
          with articles cross-referenced to indi-
        
        
          vidual chapters in the book.
        
        
          
            Pipeline geohazard management
          
        
        
          Increasingly, the practices of prudent
        
        
          pipeline owners include proactive
        
        
          management of this class of threats
        
        
          in response to business drivers. These
        
        
          best practices are due to at least two
        
        
          factors, namely:
        
        
          1. There are heightened expecta-
        
        
          tions of pipeline companies from
        
        
          the external stakeholders includ-
        
        
          ing regulators and the public at
        
        
          large. Ensuring public safety and
        
        
          accepting a role of environmental
        
        
          stewardship are now accepted as
        
        
          integral parts of business.
        
        
          2. Financially, operators need to
        
        
          optimize internal expenditures
        
        
          associated with all aspects of pipe-
        
        
          line integrity management. Prudent
        
        
          operators strive to move from
        
        
          reactive to proactive and predictive
        
        
          prevention for all hazards includ-
        
        
          ing geohazards. Increasingly, risk-
        
        
          based assessment and integrity
        
        
          management planning practices
        
        
          provide the basis of predictive
        
        
          prevention through a defendable
        
        
          methodology to support optimized
        
        
          expenditure profiles from year to
        
        
          year.
        
        
          Several key philosophical points in
        
        
          developing the content of the pipeline
        
        
          geohazard management chapters of
        
        
          this book are as follows:
        
        
          1. While mindful of corporate respon-
        
        
          sibilities to the environment in
        
        
          the pipeline’s vicinity, decisions
        
        
          related to pipeline construction and
        
        
          integrity management with respect
        
        
          to geohazards should be managed
        
        
          from the pipeline out as opposed
        
        
          to a purely geotechnical treatment
        
        
          of the hazard. In other words, a
        
        
          pipe-centric fitness for purpose
        
        
          perspective should be adopted in
        
        
          
            Figure 4: Cradle boring setup (Image ©Mike Wagner, used by permission).
          
        
        
          
            Figure 5a: Geohazards affected
          
        
        
          
            by seismic and precipitation trig-
          
        
        
          
            gers, landslide triggered by seismic
          
        
        
          
            activity on the Denali Fault, Alaska
          
        
        
          
            (photo ©Rod Read, used by permis-
          
        
        
          
            sion).
          
        
        
          
            Figure 5b: Debris flow associated with heavy, prolonged precipitation and
          
        
        
          
            snowmelt in western Canada (photo ©Rod Read, used by permission).